Dyes containing trimellithamide groups



United States Patent ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Anthraquinone pigment dyes having characteristic trimellithamide groups as exemplified by the dyestuff of the formula These antharquinone pigments are useful in lacquers, varnishes, printing inks, glue paints, pastes or the like as well as for coloring natural or synthetic polymers or for mass-dyeing paper or adding color to inorganic materials such as cement, thereby imparting high light fastness and good solventfastness.

This invention relates to new dyes containing trimellithamide groups and to a process for their manufacture.

The new valuable dyes have the general formula where F denotes the radical of an organic dye which is free from sulfonic acid groups,

R denotes an alkylene group or an arylene group,

B denotes a single bond or the bridging group which is attached to the carba'moyl group 3,356,672 Patented Dec. 5, 1967 Y denotes the bridging group which is attached to the dye radical A at its carbamoyl group,

In denotes one of the numbers 1, 2 and 3, and

n denotes one of the numbers 1 and 2.

Since these dyes are insoluble in water and organic solvents and have very good'fastness properties, they are eminently suitable as pigment dyes.

Examples of dyes having the general Formula I are compounds having the general formula 00 p where A denotes the radical of an anthraquinone dye which is free from sulfonic acid groups, G denotes a hydrogen atom or a low molecular weight alkyl radical, X denotes a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an aromatic or heterocyclic radical, and pdenotes one of the numbers 1, 2, 3 and 4, the radicals X being identical or different in case p is greater than 1. g

The new anthraquinone dyes of the Formula -II may be derived from anthraquinone itself or from anthraquinone derivatives having a higher degree of condensation, e.g. those of the benzanthrone, diben-zanthrone, isodibenzanthrone, pyrazolanthrone, anthrapyrirnidine, anthraquinacridone, pyranthrone, indanthrone, flavanthrone and perylenetetracarboximide series. They are free from sulfonic acid groups, but their dye radical A may bear substituents, 'such as hydroxyl groups, halogen atoms, alkyl groups, aryl groups, alkoxy groups and acylamino groups, which in their turn may be substituted.

The new dyes having the Formula II in which G stands for a hydrogen atom and the carb'amoyl bridge is attached direct to the aromatic nucleus of the radical A, are of particular technical interest. Examples of such dyes, if A denotes an anthraquinone radical, are compounds having the general formula q where q denotes the number 1 or 2, one radical Z denotes a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an acylamino group, a radical having the general formula or, if q stands for 2, denotes toegther with the second radical Z in the same position a radical having the general formula CONH- the other radicals Z denote hydrogen atoms or hydroxyl groups and the radicals X denote hydrogen atoms, methyl groups, aromatic or heterocyclic radicals, but preferably hydrogen atoms, methyl groups or p-phenylazophenyl groups.

Further examples of dyes of the general Formula I are compounds having the formula where F denotes the radical of an organic dye which is free from sulfonic acid groups, R denotes an alkylene group or an arylene group and B denotes a single bond or the bridging group such as ,a 1,4-phenylene or 1,3-phenylene group, or an =arylene group having one of the following formulas:

The new dyes of the general Formula IV may be azo or anthraquinone dyes. They are free from sulfonic acid groups, but their dye radical F may bear substituents, such as hydroxyl groups, halogen atoms, nitro groups, alkyl groups, aryl groups, alkoxy groups, aryloxy groups and acylamino groups, which in their turn may be substituted. The ,anthraquinone dyes used as starting materials may be derived from anthraquinone itself or from anthraquinone derivatives having a higher degree of condensation, e.g. those of the benzanthrone, dibenzanthrone, isodibenzanthrone, pyrazolanthrone, anthrapyrimidine, anthraquinacridone, pyranthrone, indanthrone, flavanthrone and perylenetetracarboximide series. The azo dyes used as starting materials may be monoazo dyes or disazo dyes.

The new dyes having the general Formula II in which the carbamoyl groups CO--NH are attached direct to an aromatic nucleus of the dye radical F, are of par ticular technical interest.

The new dyes having the general Formula II may be obtained by reacting anthraquinone dyes which have at least one acylatable amino group with acid halides having the general formula where Hal denotes a chlorine or bro-mine atom and X has the meaning given above, by methods known per se, and acylating any unreacted acylatable amino groups with other aromatic acid halides in a manner known per se.

The anthraquinone dyes required as starting materials for the manufacture of the new dyes having the general and Formula II contain at least one acylatable amino group, e.g. a primary amino group, or an amino group hearing as a substituent a low molecular weight alkyl radical, e.g. an alkyl radical having 1 t0 4 carbon atoms. Examples of such compounds are: l-aminoanthraquinone, 1 amino 5 benzoylaminoanthraquinone, 1,5 diaminoanthraquinone, 1,4 diaminoanthraquinone, 1,8- diaminoanthraquinone, 1,5 diamino 4,8 dihydroxyanthraquinone, l amino 4 benzoylaminoanthraquinone, l-aminobenzanthrone, monoaminopyranthrone, diaminopyranthrone, tetraminopyranthrone, 4 aminoanthraquinone 2,1(N) 1',2(N) benzacridone, 4-arnino- 3',5' dichloroanthraquinone 2,1(N) 1,2'(N) benzacridone, 1,4,5 triaminoanthraquinone, 1,4,5,8 tetraminoanthraquinone, 1,5 diamino 4,8 bis (methylamino) anthraquinone, 1 amino 4 (p aminobenzoylamino) anthraquinone, 1,8 bis (p aminobenzoylamino) anthraquinone and 1,5 bis (p aminophenylmercapto)-anthraquinone.

Some of the acid halides of the general Formula V, which are required for the manufacture of the new dyes, are new compounds. They are obtained from the corresponding trimellithamides by methods known per se, c.g. by reaction with thionyl chloride, thionyl bromide or phosgene. Acid chlorides are preferred. Examples of acid chlorides are listed in the following table:

Melting R point in 0 H3 140 D 298-302 -c1 28l-284 Q-Br 165-170 N0a 262-266 N=NN0z 245-246 The said anthraquinone derivatives are reacted with the acid halides, one hydrogen atom of the acylatable amino group being replaced by the acyl radical of the acid halide. The procedure may be for example to use at least a stoichiometric amount of an acid halide with reference to the acylatable amino groups in the anthraquinone derivative to be reached. If the anthraquinone derivative to be reacted contains two or more acylatable amino groups, it is also possible to react the various amino groups with different acid halides of the said type. Finally, the new dyes may also be obtained by reacting only one amino group of the said :anthraquinone derivatives which contain several, e.g. two, acylatable amino groups, with the said acid halides in the manner indicated, and acylating the unreacted amino group with other aromatic acid halides. Examples of suitable compounds are 5 compounds having one or two acid halide groups, such as benzoyl chloride, benzoyl bromide, terephthalic dichloride, phthalic dichloride, diphenyl-4-carboxylie chloride, phenylbenzthiazolcarboxylic chloride having the formula COC1 thiazolanthrone 2 carboxylic chloride, Bz 1 benzanthronecarboxylic chloride, benzophenone-4,4'-dicarboxylic dichloride, diphenylsulfone-4,4'dicarboxylic dichloride, azobenzene-4,4'-dicarboxylic dichloride, 2,5-diphenyl-oxdiazoledicarboxylic dichloride, 2,5 diphenyl-thiadiazoledicarboxylic dichloride, tetrachloroterephthalic dichloride and anthraquinone-2,6-dicarboxylic dichloride.

These acid halides are used in about stoichiometric amounts with reference to the number of amino and acid halide groups, so that if bivalent acid halides are used the acyl radical of the acid halide is replaced by two identical ANG radicals.

Reaction of the said anthraquinone derivatives with the acid halides is advantageously carried out in a solvent at temperatures of from O to 260 C. Examples of suitable solvents are: xylene, monochlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, trichlorobenzene, nitrobenzene, naphthalene, di-

methyl formamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, and diphenyl ether.

The new dyes having the general Formula IV may for example be obtained by reacting the halogen of acid halides having the general formula where Hal denotes a chlorine atom or a bromine atom and R and B have the meaningsgiven above, with organic dyes containing a primary amino group by methods known per se.

The dyes required as starting materials for the manu facture of the new dyes having the general Formula IV contain a primary amino group but no sulfonic acid groups. Examples of such compounds are: 4-amino-4'- nitroazobenzene, 4-amino-2-hydroxy 5' methylazobenzene, l-aminoanthraquinone, 1-amino-5-benzoylaminoanthraquinone, 1-amino-4-benzoylaminoanthraquinone, lamino-8-benzoylaminoanthraquinone, 4-aminoanthrapyrrimidine (1,9), l-amino 4 hydroxyanthraquinone, 1- amino-S-benzoylamino 4,8 dihydroxyanthraquinone, 1-

amino-4-phenylmercaptoanthraquinone. Bz-l-aminobenzanthrone, Z-aminobenzanthrone and the compounds 00 p CO-NH 0 H3CN In the process according to this invention the said dyes 25 containing a primary amino group are reacted with acid halides having the general Formula VI. Examples of such acid halides are:

Acid halides having the general Formula VI may for 65 example be obtained from the corresponding trimellithimides by methods known per se, e.g. by reaction with thionyl chloride, thionyl bromide or phosgene. Acid chlorides are preferred.

The said initial dyes containing amino groups are reacted With acid halides having the general Formula VI, one hydrogen atom of the amino group being replaced by an acyl radical of the acid halide. There is used at least twice the molar amount of the initial dye with reference to one mole of acid halide. The reaction is advantageously 75 carried out in a solvent at temperatures of 70 to 260 C,

preferably 100 to 220 C. There are employed such soltion by suction at 75 C., washing and drying, 252 parts vents as do not enter into undesirable reactions with the of a dye having formula reactants under the reaction conditions. Examples of suitable solvents are: nitrobenzene, naphthalene, diphenyl oxide, diphenylene oxide, trichlorobenzene and N-methylpyrrolidone.

The new dyes separate from the reaction mixture and f Hfipoc may be isolated from it by suction filtering while it is still hot or after it has been allowed to cool to room temperature. The dyes are purified by washing or extracting, dried 10 and, if desired, finely ground in conventional manner.

The new pigment dyes have outstanding fastness prop- C H I erties, e.g. high light fastness and good solvent fastness. 5 They may be used in all types of pastes, flush colors, s obtalned wh ch dyes lacquers reddish yellow shades havformulations, printing inks, glue paints, as binder colors, mg excellent hght fastnessand for coloring lacquers and varnishes. They may also EXAMPLE 3 be incorporated in synthetic or natural macromolecular substances, such as polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyg 119 g g g g i ip; g amide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyesters, pheno- Par 5 y mm 0 ypyrrol en a lution of 105 parts of phthalimide-4-carboxylic chloride lasts ammo lasts, and rubber. The new rgments may zilso be used for mass-dyeing fibers of celiillose acetate, i 300 parts y volume of N'methylpytmhdonei i P polyacrylonitrile, polyester, polyurethane and poly in at 20 to C. 1n the course of two hours with stirring. chloride. They are also suitable for mass-dyeing paper or Aiter bemg q f to Stand for twenty hours i for coloring inorganic substances e.-g. cement, m xture has sol1d1fiedto form a crystal slurry. It is diluted The invention is further illustrated by the following 25 Wlth. the Same i of alcohol and filtered 9 wlth exam p1 as in which parts are by weight. Parts by Weight suction. The residue 15 washed with alcohol and dried. 191

bear the same relation to parts by volume as the kilogram parts of a red compound havmg the formula to the liter. CO

EXAMPLE 1 1111.5 parts of l-aminoanthraquinone and 110 parts of NH phthalimide-4-carboxylic chloride are boiled in 1200 parts f- C by volume of xylene for two hours with stirring. Hydro- C0 gen chloride escapes through the condenser. The reaction mixture is filtered off with suction at 50 C. and the i residue is washed with benzene and dried. 196 parts of a reddish yellow dye having the formula 1 HZN 0 is obtained whose melting point is above 360 C.

\ (b) 82.2 parts of the compound obtained according to (a) is introduced into .1000 parts by volume of nitroben- 0 C zene. The mixture is brought to the boil, and 20 parts of terephthalic dichloride in 200 parts of nitrobenzene is dripped in in the course of one hour. The mixture is boiled for another eight hours and filtered off with suction at 100 C. The filter cake is extracted in a heated extractor II with dimethyl formamide until the extractant runs away colorless. After washing with alcohol and drying, 91 parts is obtained. The compound has a melting point of 305 C., of a dye having the formula 0 o co HN NH -CONH 0 o HN-O oo o II I and is particularly suitable for dyeing polystyrene and for is obtained. The compound does not melt below 450 C.

spin-dyeing polyamides. and gives reddish yellow shades having excellent fastness EXAMPLE 2 proper res. 171 parts of 1-amino-5-benzoylaminoanthraquinone and EXAMPLE 4 110 parts of phthalimide-4-carboxylic chloride are intro- 119 parts of 1,8-diaminoanthraquinone is dissolved in duced into 1500 parts by volume of chlorobenzene. The 2,500 parts by volume of nitrobenzene. 215 parts of mixture is boiled for two hours with stirring. After filtraphthalimide-4-carboxylic chloride is introduced at 60 C.

9 10 v The whole is stirred for three hours at 150 C., allowed tracted with dirnethylformamide. After washing and dryto cool to 75 C. and filtered with suction. The filter cake ing 5 8 parts of a dye having the formula is extracted in a heated extractor with a mixture of glacial acetic acid and dimethyl formamide in the ratio 2:1. After washing and drying, 266 parts of a dye having the 5 formula C\ /C O HN NH is obtained. The compound does not melt below 400 C. and dyes lacquers brilliant reddish yellow shades having outstanding light fastness.

EXAMPLE 49 parts of Bz-d-aminobenzanthrone and 60 parts of N-phenylphthalimide-4-carboxylic chloride are stirred in is obtained which dyes lacquers orange red shades having 800 parts by volume of trichlorobenzene for two hours very good fastness properties.

at 200 C. The reaction mixture is allowed to cool to C. and filtered with suction. The filter cake is boiled EXAMPLE 7 with glacial acetic acid several times. After washing with alcohol and drying 1 pal-ts f a dye having the fo la 119 parts of 1,5-d1am1noanthraqu1none 1S dlSSOlVCd in 00 1,500 parts by volume of nitrobenzene. A solution of .30 105.2 parts of phthalimide-4-carboxylic chloride in 1,000 I parts by volume of nitrobenzene is dripped in at 150 C. I

and the whole is stirred for two hours at the same temperature. Then a solution of 200 parts of N-(p-phenylazo)- phenylphthalimide-4-carboxylic chloride in 2,000 parts by volume of nitrobenze-ne is dripped in; The, whole is boiled for four hours with stirring and filtered with suction at C., and the filter ,cake is extracted with hot dimethylis obtained. The compound dyes polystyrene and polyformamide'. After washing and drying, 353 parts of a dye amides (by spin-drying) greenish yellow shades. having the formula 0C HN H l /CO\ 0 HN0 C co EXAMPLE 6 i i is obtained which dyes lacquers brilliant reddish yellow 55 shades having outstanding fastness properties. 42 parts of monoaminopyranthrone and 22 parts of The dyes listed in the following table are obtained from phthalimide-4-carboxylicchloride are boiled in 1,500 parts the components according to Examples 1 to 7, the reaction by volume of ni-trobenzene for eight hours. The reaction being carired out under the conditions indicated in the mixture is filtered with suction and the filter cake extable. The new dyes have the shades indicated in the table.

Ex- Dye Solvent: Reac- Reac- Shade amp 1e '0 i on t i on D OC NH 1 temperipera.- 0d,

ture, hours 0 l -CO-E C- 8 D= Q xylene reddish yellow 0 @(Z O l Ex- Dye Solvent; Reac- Reac- Shade ample tion tion temperipera- 0d, ture, hours 22b c0 nitro- 200 8 reddish QC N-CH benzene yellow OHN-OC 00/ H -oc--co-1m o HN-OC CO\ 1 CO 25 chloro- 130 1 red.

benzene 2 dichloro- 170 2 benzene N NQNQ 25 nitro- 150 2 benzene nitro- 200 2 red 26 O\ benzene mi 0 0 HN-OC 0 Ex- Dye Solvent Reac- Reac- Shade ample tion tion temperiper'a- 0d, ture, hours 9 nitro- 200 3 yellow benzene e 30a H N H -OC 0 N-methyl- 20 12 pyr-rolidone 30b nitro- 200 lbenzene )1 nitro- 200 2 I benzene /OC nitro- 180 2 reddish benzene violet Ex- Dye Sblven'g Reac- Reac- Shade ample tion tion temperipera- 0d, ture, hour's dichlor'o- 170 3 greenish benzene yellow NH-OC Co\ 3? KI Q Q I crichlor'o- 190 greenish benzene yellow 5 N-methyl- 190 4 blue pyr'r'olidone 39 nitro- 160 2 blue benzene &0 nitro- 200 6 orange benzene My co +1 0 N-mechyl- 190 6 red pyrrolidone 27 28 EXAMPLE 46 benzene and finally dried at 100 C. 72 parts of a yellow 150 parts of 1-amino-S-benzoylarninoanthraquinone is dye havmg the formula dissolvedtin 1,500 parts of anhydrous nitrobenzene. A solution of 54.2 parts of the acid chloride having the formula C0 48 parts of l-aminoanthraquinone is dissolved in 750 moo-Q parts of anhydrous trichlorobenzene. To this 34. 8 parts of N'oHi-c 0 01 C 0 is obtained.

EXAMPLE 48 the acid chloride having the formula in 500 parts of anhydrous nitrobenzene is dripped in at 010C 100 to 110 (1,, and the whole is heated for ten hours at C1 170 to v180 C., allowed to cool to 60 C. and then filtered with suction. C O

The residue is washed with nitrobenzene and with alcohol and dried. There is obtained 163 parts of a reddish yellow dye having the formula EXAMPLE 47 53 parts of a 4 amino 4, niu oazobenzene is dissolved in hours under reflux and the-n filtered with suction at 100 C.

300 Parts f anhydrous odichlombenzeng To this 343 The residue is washed with warm trichlorobenzene and parts of the acid chloride having the formula filtered, and the filtrate is boiled in 500 parts of dimethyl- CO formamide. After renewed filtration with suction, washing oloois added at 80 to 90 C., and the whole is boiled for four with ethanol and drying, 66 parts of a yellow dye having the formula 0o -NH-OC N-OONH is added at 100 C. The whole is boiled for eight hours is obtained.

The following dyes are analogously obtained from the acid chloride used in this example and further color C., washed first with o-dichlorobenzene and then with amines:

under reflux, The residue is filtered off with suction at Example FNH, Temperjature, Solvent Period, hours Shade H l 49 200 Nitrobenzene 6 Reddlsh yellow.

I ll (Edit-C O-NH O 3 NH: 50 200 Naphthalene 6' Red.

ll 0 HNOC--COH5 TABLECntinue'(1 Example FNHQ Temgeature, Solvent Period, hours Shade 51 210 'Trlchloroben zene 4 Roddlsh yellow.

-C ONH O NH: n

1? T 52 I 180 .do 6 Orange.

it I O OH 175 Diehlorobenzene 8 Do.

200 Nitrobenzene "2o Violet.

I 20 Naphthalene 8 Scarlet. H

O S-CuHs V? 56 200 Nltrobenzene 6 Yellow.

, H L- o 7 I I O NH;

Greenish yellow.

57 250 Dlphthenyl 0xlde -r is i EXAMPLE 58 49 parts of l-aminoanthraquinone is dissolved in 1,200 parts of anhydrous nitrobenzene. To this 44.5 parts of the acid chloride having the formula is added at to C., and the whole is boiled for O0 O0 70 twelve hours at 200 to 21 1Q" C. The reaction mixture is C1OC I/ c0 c1 filtered with suction at C. and the filtrate is extracted N'CHPCHPN with dimethylformamide u itil the extractant runs away c0 00 75 31 colorless. After washing with alcohol and drying, 72 parts of a yellow dye having the formula in 1,800 parts of anhydrous nitrobenzene. 49.3 parts of is obtained.

EXAMPLE 9 parts of 1amino-5-benzoylaminoanthraquinone is dissolved in 1,400 parts of anhydrous nitrobenzene and 15 stirred at C. Then 50.1 parts of the acid chloride having the formula N-GH,oH,cH,-cH,cHr-(1Hr-N is added. The whole is boiled for eight hours and then cooled to 80 C. The residue is filtered with suction and washed with warm dimethylformamide until the latter runs away colorless. 102 parts of a reddish yellow dye having the formula is obtained.

EXAMPLE 60 is added, and the whole is boiled under reflux for six hours. The pigment is filtered off with suction at C. and extracted with dimethylformamide until the extractant runs away colorless. There is obtained 76 parts of a yellow dye o0 can having the formula 0 c v -CONH When using the color amines listed in the table below,

50 corresponding dyes are obtained from the same acid 54 parts of 4-amino-1,9-anthrapyrimidine is dissolved chloride.

Example FN Hg Temperature, Solvent Period, Shade C. hours 61 HO Dichlorobenzene 10 Yellow.

l CH;

62 (6 IfHi 210 Trichlorobenzene. 4 D0.

63; 210 Nitrobenzene. 8 Rcddish yellow.

C5H CONH TABLE-Continued Example FNH, Temgegature, Solvent Period, hours Shade 64 (I? IIIH; 210 Nitrobenzene Reddish yellow.

K 1 n CONH o H CN\ C5H5'CONH (I? NH; 210 do 8 Do.

66. (N) 11111: 210 do 8 Red.

II I O NHOCCsH 67 H(|) (I? 11TH: 210 -do 8 Violet.

1 CBH5 CO NH A 011 EXAMPLE 68 4 parts of 1-am1uo-5-benzoylamlnoanthraqulnone is dissolved in 2,000 parts of anhydrous nitrobenzene. 58.3 parts of the acid chloride having the formula is added to this solution at C. The whole is boiled 60 less. 119 parts of a reddish for eight hours, 5 parts of pyridine is added, and boiling 75 is obtained.

5 is continued for another eight hours. The reaction mixture is filtered with suction at C. and extracted with di-methylformamide until the extractant runs away coloryellow dye having the formula I claim: v icals in the same position taken together represent 1. A dye of the formula the divalent radical o Nn-oo V I H I H 5- m Q i v OONH the remaining Z radicals each representing a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and Z! 0 z" hydroxy.

2. The dye havin g the formula wherein:

X represents a member selected from the group con- 00 CO sisting of hydrogen, methyl, phenyl, bromophenyl, chlorophenyl, nitrophenyl, EN N11 -CO-NH 0 HN-O 0- and 7 ll 0 N SO:

3. The dye having the formula -o O-NH o 00 l I I 00 h HNOC- q represents one of the numbers 1 or 2 with the proviso 4. The dye having the formula that when q represents the number 1, one of the Z radicals represents a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen,

o HN-OC- '30 H I GO a V l \N -NH-c0- CO u I 0 HN-O c 00 /NH N-CH; 5. The dye having the formula 00 /C0\ C0 CHa 6.0 ..v ononn-oc I A 00 NHOO O 0 00 n d CO-NH 0 OH UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,159,542 5/1939 Apotheker et al. 260203 X CO/ References Cited and that when q represents the number 2, two Z rad-' FLOYD D. HIGEL, Primary Examiner.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION atent No. 3,356,672 December 5, 1967 Ernst Schefczik It is certified that error appears in the above identified patent and. that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

Column 4', line 66, "reach"'should read reacted Iolumn 9, line 49, "spin-drying" should read spindyeing Iolumns 29 and 30, in the table, fourth column, line 7 thereof, "Diphthenyl" should read Diphepyl Signed and sealed this 25th day of November 1969.

(SEAL) Attest:

Edward M. Fletcher, 1r. WILLIAM E. SCHUYLER, JR.

Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents 

1. A DYE OF THE FORMULA 